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RDR / Devices and media we handle / Solid-state & NVMe

Devices · SSD and NVMe media

Reading SSD and NVMe recovery. The flash is nearly always fine; what stops is the controller.

There is nothing to listen for on an SSD. It will just shut down normally, and next morning the BIOS will show no disk. Three things account for nearly every SSD failure: the controller fails, the firmware is corrupted, or the power cuts out while data is being written. Of the drives we get in from around Reading, WD and Crucial badges turn up most often. We work at the flash itself, sooner is better than later, and a single drive is £300 + VAT after a free look.

Only pay if we recover your data, on most jobs The diagnosis is free; then one fixed figure in writing Parcels arrive from Newbury, Woodley and Theale

An engineer answers, and looking is free
0800 6890668

SSD symptoms, and how urgent each is.

Yours not here? Start the triage →
Packing and posting: first get a quote, by phone or with our quote form. Next, pack it so nothing can move inside during transit, and put a value on the parcel based on what the files mean to you. Send it tracked and insured to the Oxford intake lab. Alternatively, if you prefer to hand it in, you can drop it off at the Oxford intake lab Monday to Friday, 9am to 5:30pm; no appointment needed. We cover the cost of the return delivery. If you want an engineer to talk you through the packing before you close the box, call us first. All the details are on the packing and postage page.

Which brands come in, and what fails on them.

Western DigitalSATA has the SA510 Blue; NVMe has the SN770 and the SN850X Black; and SanDisk branding is on the same chips again.
SeagateThe FireCuda 530 on NVMe · the BarraCuda SSD on SATA · the One Touch.
Crucial and Micron badgesThe MX500 on SATA; the P3, P5 Plus and T500 on NVMe.
Phison under many labelsThe Patriot Burst · Kingston A400 · PNY CS900, plus many others: a handful of controllers behind a dozen badges, and the Phison-based units share one way of failing.

What the SSD's error on screen actually means.

Tell us what it is doing →
What you are seeingWhat is likely wrongWhat happens next
It shows up under the name SATAFIRM S11Only one possible cause: a Phison controller sitting in its ROMKeep away from the vendor utility
The BIOS lists no drive at allNearly always either the controller or the firmware, with the flash behind it fineThat one is chip-level work
It reports 0GB, or an obviously wrong sizeThe flash translation layer (FTL), the map of where data is stored, has failedDo not keep restarting it
SMART health drops sharply overnightEither the flash cells are worn out, or the controller is misreportingCheck the maker's advisory, then image it
Every read comes back 0x800701E3This one is a hardware faultCopy it first, and don't run any repair programs
A firmware update, and then Boot device not foundThe firmware write stopped halfway, and since then nothing has bootedDo not power it at all

From your parcel to your files coming back.

Jobs we have closed →
01

Logged the day it lands, and the look costs nothing Free

A case number is assigned to your device when we receive it. An engineer then finds the real fault (free) before anything else occurs; you will be advised clearly of what will be returned and what will not, along with a single written price. Charges cannot begin until you have read this and accepted.

The look costs you nothingA fixed price, in writingStill nothing to pay
02

Powered up under control

Every power-on costs a failing drive something. Here it is brought up in a vendor service mode instead, which puts the bench directly in contact with the flash and leaves the failing firmware out of the loop.

Booted into service modeNo trial restarts
03

Round the controller

When the controller does not respond at all, the chips are addressed on their own terms and the translation table is rebuilt in software. A raw dump alone reveals nothing. Return the table to it and the folder tree is restored with it.

Flash taken directlyMapping tables worked out again
04

Reassembled in sequence

Wear levelling spreads the pieces of one file over every die fitted; that is exactly what it is designed to do. Those pieces are put back in sequence, the volume is reconstructed, and every entry is checked against the listing that goes out with it.

The wear map unwoundThe volume verified in full
05

The list first, then the bill, then the files

You look at the file list first and make a decision about what to do. We will never invoice anything until you have said yes, and in most cases you only pay if we recover your data. All of the information that we recover will be put on new media purchased by us specifically for this job, and our company pays the cost of postage back to you. The case stays open on the bench until you tell us the files open on your own machine.

Nothing billed until you say yesNew media, bought for the jobPostage home is on us

What goes wrong most often

  • SATAFIRM S11 is bench work: that name comes up when a Phison controller falls back to its ROM. You can find utilities on forums claiming to be repairs. They are not. They simply regenerate the drive and throw away the record of which block was where. The proper route loads working firmware onto the controller first, then rebuilds that record.
  • Read a health percentage as a claim instead of a measurement: the number on your screen is whatever figure the controller chose to show you, and once the tables where the controller keeps it are damaged, that number is worthless. Firmware understating the wear on a manufacturer's own cells has been caught more than once.
  • Flash layout varies from controller to controller: before a dump means anything, someone has to work out the page order and remove the XOR mask. The desoldering itself is the fastest part; a bench can get through it in about an hour. Then comes figuring out what those chips hand over, and that happens one controller family at a time.
  • On flash, deleted means deleted: TRIM goes through the blocks automatically within hours, whether you know about it or not, and nothing on screen tells you. When you delete something on an SSD, your window for recovery is that same day, not the rest of the month.

Before you take an update: the flashing process writes over the map showing where your data physically lives, and if the power is lost during the write there will be nothing to fall back on. Most updates go through cleanly, so this is not an argument against updating: just copy your important files before you start. However, a drive that is already acting up is the last one that should be put through it.

How one of these actually went.

RG · RDG-2026-1904ON FILE ✓

Ten years of edits, and an NVMe that stopped mid-update

The laptop's system SSD stopped responding during a firmware update, and nothing would come off it afterwards. An engineer went in through technical mode and rebuilt the translator tables, so the controller could map its own flash again. Ten years of a photographer's edits opened on the first attempt.

99%was recovered5 days from arrival to return

What helps, and what makes it worse.

First things to do

  • Always shut it down properly (not sleep, not hibernate)
  • Note the complete model number
  • Deleted a file? Call that same day
  • Get a quote first, then post the drive or M.2 card bare, without the caddy

What makes it worse

  • Restarting again and again to see if the drive will magically appear
  • Upgrading the firmware on a drive that is already failing
  • Running any program that writes to it, at all
  • Carrying on using the machine once your files have disappeared

Answers before you commit to anything.

I deleted files off an SSD this morning. Any chance?

Possibly, but you have hours rather than days. The reason lies with TRIM: while it still has power, an SSD goes through the blocks a deleted file occupied and clears them at a time of its own choosing, with no command being issued. A hard disk has never acted like that. Pulling the plug is almost never the right instinct; for this one fault, it is.

Nothing sees the drive at all. Is it finished?

Rarely. A silent drive has normally lost either its firmware or its controller, and the flash behind both is still intact. Those chips are read on the bench, and most of what was written to them can be retrieved.

Is an SSD harder than a spinning disk?

Not harder; different. Hard disks fail at the moving parts. SSDs fail at the controller and in the tables it keeps. For blocks TRIM hasn't been through, the prognosis is good.

What if the flash is soldered to the board?

We won't take these on. Flash soldered onto the board means reading the chips mounted there, which isn't work we do. If you aren't sure which kind you have, ring us before sending it.

Nothing gets worse while it sits switched off.

There is no charge for the look. You then receive a list of the files that opened, those that did not, and a fixed amount to complete the job. Keep it switched off until you have received that in writing.

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