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RDR / Evidence and expert work / Evidence examination and reports for court

Evidence work in Reading · solicitors, HR and loss adjusters

Digital forensics, Reading. Nothing is opened until the copy exists; that is where a finding gets its weight.

Instructions here begin at £800 + VAT. The figure is fixed in writing before a cable is connected, and working out the scope costs nothing. For that you get a hardware blocker in line; a sector-by-sector image made before any file is opened; MD5 and SHA-256 verified at each end; a continuity log typed while the job is running; and a report answering to whichever rules apply — Part 35 in a civil claim, Part 19 in a criminal one. No UKAS schedule is held here and no ISO/IEC 17025 accreditation, which is why the first page of each report starts by saying so: an expert has to disclose it. Most of what arrives from Reading is civil, family, employment or insurance work, and the Regulator's statutory Code reaches none of that.

Reports written to CPR Part 35 Chain of custody logged as it happens Independent, and confidential

Talk it through in confidence
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The four principles we follow.

1 — The exhibit is left unchangedNothing we do may alter material a court might rely on later. The blocker goes on, the image is made, and no file is opened until both are done.
2 — Competence where it is handledShould the original itself need direct handling, whoever does that must be competent for it, and must be able to tell a court exactly what the handling altered.
3 — A log of every stepAn audit trail covers everything done to an exhibit, in enough detail for somebody outside to repeat the steps and arrive at the same result.
4 — Somebody carries itResponsibility for the case, and for these four principles, rests with whoever is running it — from the first call through to the issue of the report.

What actually arrives, and what goes back.

Not here? Tell us what it is doing →
What you are seeingWhat the examination showsWhat comes back to you
The one laptop the case turns onWrite-blocked, imaged, then worked entirely on the copy — documents, artefacts, and the order things happened inAn answer in plain English, in writing
A leaver, and files that left with themEvery USB device connected and for how long, uploads to webmail and cloud accounts, deletions and wiper runs, each with a date on itOne timeline HR and your solicitor can both use
Deleted files the case depends onProof that they were there, the moment they went, and what followed — carved out with continuity heldThe files, dated, and the method that found them
A volume nobody can openPassware aimed at the image, where the examination is authorised and a key can actually be got atThe contents, or a plain statement that the encryption held
A case on its way to a hearingIdentical bench work, then written up under whichever rules apply — Part 35 for a civil claim, Part 19 for a criminal oneA report in the form the court expects
Footage still sitting on a CCTV recorderTaken off the disk with continuity held — the CCTV pages set this out in fullFootage that plays, and the paperwork behind it
Getting it to the lab: the lab takes parcels by tracked, insured post, and the return leg is at our expense. Unsure how to pack it? Ring before the box is sealed and an engineer will tell you what to send and what to leave out. The rest of the detail sits on the packing and postage page.

What we do, in order.

How other jobs ended →
01

Say what has happened, in confidence — the figure follows in writing Free

The scoping call costs nothing, and nothing chargeable starts until you have a price in writing. What the call fixes is the ground it covers: the events, the machines and accounts in play, and precisely what the evidence must establish. Forensic instructions start at £800 + VAT, and the scope decides where yours lands.

The call stays confidentialA fixed price, in writingThe question it has to settle
02

A full image comes first

No file is opened first. The blocker goes in line, the image comes off behind it, and looking begins after that. What arrives is an exhibit, not simply a container of documents, so it is sealed and set aside while the copy carries the work.

Blocker in line, then copiedYour original untouched
03

Everything after that runs on the image

Examination happens inside the image and never on the exhibit. OSForensics indexes all of it: artefacts a system leaves behind, which documents got opened, at what time, what was removed, and in what sequence. Notes are typed step by step as that goes on.

OSForensics, on the imageNotes typed as it happens
04

A report a judge can read once

Your question is answered in the first paragraph, in ordinary English, with the workings set out underneath for anyone who wants to test them. A finding that helps neither side goes in as well, and stays in.

The answer in paragraph oneThe workings underneath
05

The bundle, hashes and handover log

Hand the other side a finding they cannot test and you have handed them an argument. So it all goes in the bundle: exhibit numbers, the image each conclusion came off, dated handovers, the hashes, and the working notes typed as the job ran. The examiner on the other side can run the whole thing again and reach the same answer.

Every finding tied to an exhibitHash values kept, every move loggedRepeatable, step for step

What we keep telling the people who instruct us

  • The court comes first — before the party who instructed us, and before the fee note. The report carries the findings; it does not carry a preference.
  • The statutory Code stops at the criminal line — the Forensic Science Regulator's Code has been enforceable since 2 October 2023, version 2 of it since 2 October 2025, and what it governs is forensic science used in criminal proceedings, England and Wales only. An insured loss, a civil claim, a family case, an employment matter: not one of them sits inside it. Which side yours is on gets settled on the first call.
  • Phones and tablets go elsewhere — a handset opened by a bench without the right kit ends up in worse shape than one nobody touched. Those we send on to a laboratory equipped for handsets, and we name it.
  • It stays in this room — jobs run under a case number rather than anyone's name, and what we find goes to the party who instructed us, and to no one else.

Image it early, and image it before anybody else has a go: a machine in daily use is a different machine a fortnight on. Windows writes to disk without being asked, the space that held deleted material is handed back out, event logs wrap round and begin again. Copy it in week one and you have the state things were in. Copy it after a month and you have a machine that has been working ever since. Where a dispute looks likely, take the image while the answer can still be found, then seal the original and keep it access-controlled.

What the forensic bench actually runs.

Bench toolsWhere it appliesWhy it is here
X-Ways ForensicsDetailed work inside an image: usage history, artefacts, timelines, deleted materialFast, uncluttered, and one tool known thoroughly beats four known partly
OSForensicsIndexes a whole Windows machine, or its image, so any part of it can be searchedThe wide first pass — registry hives, the lists of recently opened files, and every USB device ever attached
PasswareEncrypted volumes, where the examination is authorised and a key can be reachedIt opens or it does not, and the report says which. Nothing gets dressed up
Atola Insight ForensicAcquisition made behind a write block, with the hashing done on the same runIt logs its own acquisition, so continuity begins at the very first sector
ACE Lab PC-3000 & Data ExtractorFirmware-level repair, for an exhibit that is also a drive on its way outNow and then the disk is the exhibit and the repair job at the same time, and both trades sit in this room

What we do, and what we will not

  • We do: apply the four principles of the ACPO Good Practice Guide for Digital Evidence to everything that arrives, without exception.
  • We do: image behind a blocker, compute MD5 and SHA-256 for each copy, verify the pair, and keep a continuity log that would stand up to an outside audit.
  • We do: work with documented tools that other examiners recognise, pointed at the image rather than the exhibit, and use Passware only where opening the volume is lawful.
  • We don't: claim a UKAS schedule, and no ISO certificate hangs on any wall here. Where credibility must be put on the record, the record is the first page of the report — and this page.
  • We don't: accept handsets or tablets, engage with ransomware operators, or tip a finding towards the party paying for it.

Why it is said first: under the criminal rules an expert must disclose whatever might reasonably be thought to detract from their credibility, and CPS guidance puts a missing accreditation in that category. Saying it at the front is not modesty. It removes the cheapest question the other side had ready, and moves the argument onto method — which is the ground we would rather be arguing on.

How one of these actually went.

RG · RDG-2026-1671ON FILE ✓

Missing project files, and a Woodley firm certain they were taken

Nobody had taken anything. A badly configured sync client had emptied the shared folder by itself — duller than the theft the client arrived expecting — and most of what went was still recoverable. The finding ended the dispute with no one accused.

The matter closed, nobody accusedOur findingswithin six days

What helps, and what makes it worse.

First things to do

  • Power it down — every hour it runs costs you something
  • Write down who has handled it, and when
  • Include the leads, the charger and any passwords
  • Ring before IT starts looking inside it

What makes it worse

  • Handing it to IT to investigate — every click leaves marks
  • Pulling the files off it yourself first
  • Putting it to anyone before the evidence is secured
  • Treating one missing file as proof of something in itself

What people ask before they send it.

What happens in a forensic examination?

Three stages. A copy is made; the copy is examined; the findings are written so they hold up when somebody sets about testing them. Nothing is opened before the image exists, and the bench notes are typed as the job proceeds — closely enough that another examiner could take the same route and land in the same place.

What does digital forensics cost in the UK?

There is no rate card, because no two instructions are alike. Scoping is free. After it comes a single figure in writing — imaging, examination and report together — settled before a cable is connected. Forensic instructions begin at £800 + VAT, with no hourly clock running underneath.

Can you examine phones or tablets?

No. Drives, cards, PCs, Macs and the disks pulled out of CCTV and DVR units are what this bench takes; handsets are not. Where the phone turns out to be the place a case actually lives, you hear that during the call, together with the name of a laboratory that takes them.

Do you have accreditation?

No UKAS schedule, no ISO/IEC 17025, and the first page of each report opens with that fact, because an expert is obliged to disclose it. Standing in its place is a method open to inspection: a hardware write block on acquisition, MD5 alongside SHA-256 computed and then verified, every step written down as it is taken, and a report answering to Part 35 in civil work, Part 19 in criminal.

Image it before anybody has a look.

A machine in daily use is a different machine a fortnight on, so the first thing to do is stop using it. Looking is free, the fee is put in writing before the work begins, and what we find goes to the party who instructed us and to no one else.

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